As a foreign entrepreneur, you can choose to open a company in Iran and you should know there are different alternatives, depending on the intended activities. As in other countries, there is a Commercial Code which recognizes seven types of companies:
1. Joint Stock Company or Corporation (Sherkat Sahami),
2. Limited Liability Company (Sherkat ba Masouliyat Mahdoud),
3. General Partnership (Sherkat Tazamoni),
4. Limited Partnership (Sherkat Mokhtalet Gheyr Sahami),
5. Joint Stock Partnership (Sherkat Mokhtalet Sahami),
6. Proportional Liability Partnership (Sherkat Nesbi),
7. Production and Consumption Cooperative Society (Sherkat Ta’avoni Towlid va Masraf).
The main types of companies which are established in Iran by most entrepreneurs are: limited liability company, joint stock partnership and public joint stock company.
The limited liability company can be incorporated in Iran with one director, who can be of any nationality, and two shareholders. Beside this, the minimum paid up share capital that is required is only 1 EUR. Mostly, this type of business entity is created when entrepreneurs want to open trading companies.
The private joint stock partnership, is a type of business which restricts for its members the right to transfer their shares. There are needed at least two directors and three shareholders appointed. They can be of any nationality and the minimum share capital that is required is 40 EUR. Beside this, the entrepreneurs need to know that they will have to submit, to the Government, all the financial statements, annually, and, if it (statement) will be lower than one million EUR or if the value of the total assets is beneath two million EUR, they will be excluded from getting an audit.
Conditions for setting up a public joint stock company
The public joint stock company is recommended if the client wants to raise public capital. In this case, there are required two directors and at least five shareholders (of any nationality) for a successful registration. At least 20% of the company shares will be issued to the general public. More so, the company must be listed on the national stock exchange and, annually, it will have to submit the financial statements to the Government.
